Palladium-Nanoparticle-Catalysed Ullmann Reactions in Ionic Liquids with Aldehydes as the Reductants: Scope and Mechanism

被引：65

作者：

Calo, Vincenzo ^{[1
]}

Nacci, Angelo ^{[1
]}

Monopoli, Antonio ^{[1
]}

Cotugno, Pietro ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Bari, Dept Chem, CNR, ICCOM, I-70126 Bari, Italy

来源：

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL | 2009年 / 15卷 / 05期

关键词：

biaryls; ionic liquids; nanoparticles; palladium; Ullmann reactions; CARBON BOND FORMATION; ARYL HALIDES; COUPLING REACTIONS; ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS; PROCESS OPTIMIZATION; ALPHA-ARYLATION; WATER; BROMIDES; BIARYLS; ZINC;

D O I：

10.1002/chem.200801621

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

An efficient Ullmann-type reductive homocoupling of aryl, vinyl and heteroaryl halides can be promoted by an aldehyde in tetraalkylammonium ionic liquids under very mild reaction conditions. This simple procedure generates symmetrical biaryls under relatively mild conditions. The ionic liquid is crucial for this process because it behaves simultaneously as a base, ligand and reaction medium. The role of the aldehyde is also discussed and a general mechanism for this unusual reaction is proposed. These results open the way to a new efficient method of Pd-catalysed dehydrogenation of carbonyl compounds.

引用

页码：1272 / 1279

页数：8

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