Introduction to the physics of Brownian motors

被引：313

作者：

Reimann, P ^{[1
]}

Hänggi, P ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany

来源：

APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING | 2002年 / 75卷 / 02期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1007/s003390201331

中图分类号：

T [工业技术];

学科分类号：

08 ;

摘要：

A detailed introduction to directed transport in Brownian motors occurring in spatially periodic systems far from equilibrium is presented. We elucidate the prominent physical concepts and novel phenomena with a representative dissipative Brownian motor dynamics. Its main ingredient is a thermal noise with time-dependent temperature modulations that drive the system out of thermal equilibrium in a spatially asymmetric (ratchet-) potential. Yet, this asymmetric setup does not exhibit a concomitant obvious bias into one or the other direction of motion. Symmetry conditions for the appearance (or not) of directed current, its reversal upon variation of certain parameters, and various other generic features and applications are discussed. In addition, we provide a systematic classification scheme for Brownian motor models and review historical landmark contributions to the field.

引用

页码：169 / 178

页数：10

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