METEOROLOGICAL OVERVIEW OF THE DEVASTATING 27 APRIL 2011 TORNADO OUTBREAK

被引：93

作者：

Knupp, Kevin R. ^{[1
]}

Murphy, Todd A. ^{[1
]}

Coleman, Timothy A. ^{[1
]}

Wade, Ryan A. ^{[1
]}

Mullins, Stephanie A. ^{[1
]}

Schultz, Christopher J. ^{[1
]}

Schultz, Elise V. ^{[1
]}

Carey, Lawrence ^{[1
]}

Sherrer, Adam ^{[1
]}

McCaul, Eugene W., Jr. ^{[2
]}

Carcione, Brian

Latimer, Stephen ^{[3
]}

Kula, Andy ^{[3
]}

Laws, Kevin ^{[4
]}

Marsh, Patrick T. ^{[5
]}

Klockow, Kim ^{[6
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA

[2] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA

[3] Natl Weather Serv, Huntsville, AL USA

[4] Natl Weather Serv, Birmingham, AL USA

[5] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73069 USA

[6] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA

来源：

BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | 2014年 / 95卷 / 07期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; DOPPLER RADAR OBSERVATIONS; LOW-LEVEL MESOVORTICES; LONG-LIVED SUPERCELLS; PART I; SQUALL LINES; BOW ECHOES; OBSERVATIONAL EXAMINATION; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; CASA RADAR;

D O I：

10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00229.1

中图分类号：

P4 [大气科学（气象学）];

学科分类号：

0706 ; 070601 ;

摘要：

By many metrics, the tornado outbreak on 27 April 2011 was the most significant tornado outbreak since 1950, exceeding the super outbreak of 3-4 April 1974. The number of tornadoes over a 24-h period (midnight to midnight) was 199; the tornado fatalities and injuries were 316 and more than 2,700, respectively; and the insurable loss exceeded $4 billion (U.S. dollars). In this paper, we provide a meteorological overview of this outbreak and illustrate that the event was composed of three mesoscale events: a large early morning quasi-linear convective system (QLCS), a midday QLCS, and numerous afternoon supercell storms. The main data sources include NWS and research radars, profilers, surface measurements, and photos and videos of the tornadoes. The primary motivation for this preliminary research is to document the diverse characteristics (e.g., tornado characteristics and mesoscale organization of deep convection) of this outbreak and summarize preliminary analyses that are worthy of additional research on this case.

引用

页码：1041 / +

页数：23

共 91 条

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[12] An observational examination of long-lived supercells. Part I: Characteristics, evolution, and demise [J].