Involvement of oleuropein in (some) digestive metabolic pathways

Olive oil is the principal source of fats in the Mediterranean diet and it has been postulated that the components in olive oil can contribute to a lower incidence of coronary heart disease and cancers (prostate, colon, breast, and skin). The positive effects on human health can be attributed to the high level of phenolic compounds present in olive oil, the major ones being oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of oleuropein on enzymes involved in specific pathways of metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. In particular, the effects of oleuropein on enzymes, such as trypsin, pepsin, lipase, glycerol dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glycerokinase, were investigated. Results demonstrate that oleuropein is able to activate pepsin and shows an inhibitory effect toward all the other enzymes tested, which suggests a new role for this polyphenol. In addition, a new method for lipase activity assay is presented. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd, All rights reserved.