Long Noncoding RNAs From Clinical Genetics to Therapeutic Targets?

被引：389

作者：

Boon, Reinier A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Jae, Nicolas ^{[1
]}

Holdt, Lesca ^{[2
,3
]}

Dimmeler, Stefanie ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Cardiovasc Regenerat, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany

[2] German Ctr Cardiovasc Res, Berlin, Germany

[3] Univ Munich, Inst Lab Med, Munich, Germany

来源：

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY | 2016年 / 67卷 / 10期

基金：

欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

cardiac; long noncoding RNA; microRNA; vascular; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; HUMAN HEART; MESSENGER-RNAS; 9P21; LOCUS; H19; ANRIL; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; RISK;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.051

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

100201 [内科学];

摘要：

Recent studies suggest that the majority of the human genome is transcribed, but only about 2% accounts for protein-coding exons. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute a heterogenic class of RNAs that includes, for example, intergenic lncRNAs, antisense transcripts, and enhancer RNAs. Moreover, alternative splicing can lead to the formation of circular RNAs. In support of putative functions, GWAS for cardiovascular diseases have shown predictive single-nucleotide polymorphisms in lncRNAs, such as the 9p21 susceptibility locus that encodes the lncRNA antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL). Many lncRNAs are regulated during disease. For example, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) were shown to affect endothelial cell functions and diabetic retinopathy, whereas lincRNA-p21 controls neointima formation. In the heart, several lncRNAs were shown to act as microRNA sponges and to control ischemia-reperfusion injury or act as epigenetic regulators. In this review, the authors summarize the current understanding of lncRNA functions and their role as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. (C) 2016 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.

引用

页码：1214 / 1226

页数：13

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