Trapped-ion and trapped-atom microwave frequency standards

被引:64
作者
Fisk, PTH
机构
[1] National Measurement Laboratory, CSIRO Division of Telecommunications, Sydney, Lindfield NSW 2070
关键词
D O I
10.1088/0034-4885/60/8/001
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
The stability and accuracy of atomic microwave frequency standards (atomic clocks) have been improving at a rate exceeding one order of magnitude per decade for the past 30 years. This sustained improvement has been driven mainly by the many and diverse technological applications requiring highly stable and accurate time and frequency standards. There is no reason to suspect that this rate of progress is slowing. Over the last decade, research and development in atomic frequency standards has tended increasingly towards the use of atom and ion trapping technologies to approach the supposedly ideal unperturbed atomic frequency reference consisting of a single atom or ion either motionless or in free-fall in a perfect, field-free vacuum. This work has been facilitated by the relatively recent development of techniques whereby laser light is used to cool, confine and manipulate atoms or ions. This paper reviews the current status of atomic microwave frequency standards based on trapped atoms and trapped ions, and attempts to explain the motivation for their development and the principles of their operation, with particular emphasis on the physics of factors which limit their performance.
引用
收藏
页码:761 / 817
页数:57
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