Microphysical modeling of the 1999-2000 Arctic winter: 3. Impact of homogeneous freezing on polar stratospheric clouds

被引:10
作者
Drdla, K
Browell, EV
机构
[1] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Atmospher Phys Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
[2] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA
关键词
polar stratospheric clouds; freezing; denitrification;
D O I
10.1029/2003JD004352
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
Simulations of the 1999-2000 winter have tested the effect on polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) of the homogeneous freezing of liquid ternary solutions into nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) and nitric acid dihydrate (NAD). Proposed laboratory-derived volume-based and surface-based homogeneous freezing rates have both been examined, including different assumptions about the extrapolation of laboratory measurements to atmospheric conditions. Widespread PSC formation and denitrification are possible in several of the scenarios examined. However, the simulations are all unable to explain the solid-phase PSCs observed early in the 1999-2000 winter and are unable to reproduce the measured extent of vortex denitrification. These problems can both be attributed to the relatively cold temperatures, more than 5 K below the NAT condensation point, necessary for homogeneous freezing to be effective at producing solid-phase PSCs. Therefore synoptic-scale homogeneous freezing appears unlikely to be the primary mechanism responsible for solid-phase PSC formation.
引用
收藏
页码:D102011 / 15
页数:15
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