Hand function: peripheral and central constraints on performance

被引:295
作者
Schieber, MH
Santello, M
机构
[1] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, St Marys Hosp, Dept Neurol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
[2] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, St Marys Hosp, Dept Neurobiol & Anat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
[3] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, St Marys Hosp, Brain Injury Rehabil Program, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
[4] Arizona State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
[5] Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
关键词
finger; cortex; motor; muscle; tendon;
D O I
10.1152/japplphysiol.01063.2003
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
The hand is one of the most fascinating and sophisticated biological motor systems. The complex biomechanical and neural architecture of the hand poses challenging questions for understanding the control strategies that underlie the coordination of finger movements and forces required for a wide variety of behavioral tasks, ranging from multidigit grasping to the individuated movements of single digits. Hence, a number of experimental approaches, from studies of finger movement kinematics to the recording of electromyographic and cortical activities, have been used to extend our knowledge of neural control of the hand. Experimental evidence indicates that the simultaneous motion and force of the fingers are characterized by coordination patterns that reduce the number of independent degrees of freedom to be controlled. Peripheral and central constraints in the neuromuscular apparatus have been identified that may in part underlie these coordination patterns, simplifying the control of multi-digit grasping while placing certain limitations on individuation of finger movements. We review this evidence, with a particular emphasis on how these constraints extend through the neuromuscular system from the behavioral aspects of finger movements and forces to the control of the hand from the motor cortex.
引用
收藏
页码:2293 / 2300
页数:8
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