Search for neutrino-induced particle showers with IceCube-40

被引：27

作者：

Aartsen, M. G. ^{[2
]}

Abbasi, R. ^{[31
,32
]}

Ackermann, M. ^{[50
]}

Adams, J. ^{[16
]}

Aguilar, J. A. ^{[25
]}

Ahlers, M. ^{[31
,32
]}

Altmann, D. ^{[24
]}

Arguelles, C. ^{[31
,32
]}

Arlen, T. C. ^{[47
]}

Auffenberg, J. ^{[31
,32
]}

Bai, X. ^{[36
,37
,51
]}

Baker, M. ^{[31
,32
]}

Barwick, S. W. ^{[27
]}

Baum, V. ^{[33
]}

Bay, R. ^{[8
]}

Beatty, J. J. ^{[18
,19
,20
]}

Tjus, J. Becker ^{[11
]}

Becker, K. -H. ^{[49
]}

BenZvi, S. ^{[31
,32
]}

Berghaus, P. ^{[50
]}

Berley, D. ^{[17
]}

Bernardini, E. ^{[50
]}

Bernhard, A. ^{[35
]}

Besson, D. Z. ^{[29
]}

Binder, G. ^{[8
,9
]}

Bindig, D. ^{[49
]}

Bissok, M. ^{[1
]}

Blaufuss, E. ^{[17
]}

Blumenthal, J. ^{[1
]}

Boersma, D. J. ^{[47
]}

Bohm, C. ^{[40
,41
]}

Bose, D. ^{[43
]}

Boeser, S. ^{[12
]}

Botner, O. ^{[48
]}

Brayeur, L. ^{[14
]}

Bretz, H. -P. ^{[50
]}

Brown, A. M. ^{[16
]}

Bruijn, R. ^{[28
]}

Casey, J. ^{[5
,6
]}

Casier, M. ^{[14
]}

Chirkin, D. ^{[31
,32
]}

Christov, A. ^{[25
]}

Christy, B. ^{[17
]}

Clark, K. ^{[44
]}

Classen, L. ^{[24
]}

Clevermann, F. ^{[22
]}

Coenders, S. ^{[1
]}

Cohen, S. ^{[28
]}

Cowen, D. F. ^{[46
,47
]}

Silva, A. H. Cruz ^{[50
]}

机构：

[1] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

[2] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[3] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA

[4] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA

[5] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[6] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[7] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA

[8] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[9] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[10] Univ Berlin, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

[11] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany

[12] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany

[13] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[14] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[15] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan

[16] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand

[17] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[18] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[19] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[20] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[21] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[22] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany

[23] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada

[24] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany

[25] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland

[26] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[27] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[28] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, High Energy Phys Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[29] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA

[30] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[31] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[32] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[33] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany

[34] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium

[35] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[36] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[37] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[38] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England

[39] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA

[40] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[41] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[42] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[43] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea

[44] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada

[45] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA

[46] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[47] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[48] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden

[49] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany

[50] DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW D | 2014年 / 89卷 / 10期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 瑞士国家科学基金会; 澳大利亚研究理事会; 新加坡国家研究基金会; 瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

SCATTERING; SELECTION; CASCADES; SPECTRUM; SYSTEM; ICE;

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevD.89.102001

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We report on the search for neutrino-induced particle showers, so-called cascades, in the IceCube-40 detector. The data for this search were collected between April 2008 and May 2009 when the first 40 IceCube strings were deployed and operational. Three complementary searches were performed, each optimized for different energy regimes. The analysis with the lowest energy threshold (2 TeV) targeted atmospheric neutrinos. A total of 67 events were found, consistent with the expectation of 41 atmospheric muons and 30 atmospheric neutrino events. The two other analyses targeted a harder, astrophysical neutrino flux. The analysis with an intermediate threshold of 25 TeV leads to the observation of 14 cascadelike events, again consistent with the prediction of 3.0 atmospheric neutrino and 7.7 atmospheric muon events. We hence set an upper limit of E-2 Phi(lim) <= 7.46 x 10(-8) GeV sr(-1) s(-1) cm(-2) (90% C.L.) on the diffuse flux from astrophysical neutrinos of all neutrino flavors, applicable to the energy range 25 TeV to 5 PeV, assuming an E-nu(-2) spectrum and a neutrino flavor ratio of 1: 1: 1 at the Earth. The third analysis utilized a larger and optimized sample of atmospheric muon background simulation, leading to a higher energy threshold of 100 TeV. Three events were found over a background prediction of 0.04 atmospheric muon events and 0.21 events from the flux of conventional and prompt atmospheric neutrinos. Including systematic errors this corresponds to a 2.7 sigma excess with respect to the background-only hypothesis. Our observation of neutrino event candidates above 100 TeV complements IceCube's recently observed evidence for high-energy astrophysical neutrinos.

引用

页数：20

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