Evolution and overview of classical transmitter molecules and their receptors

被引:93
作者
Walker, RJ
Brooks, HL
HoldenDye, L
机构
关键词
transmitters; receptors; ion channels; evolution; second messengers; nervous system;
D O I
10.1017/S0031182000077878
中图分类号
R38 [医学寄生虫学]; Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ; 100103 ;
摘要
All the classical transmitter ligand molecules evolved at least 1000 million years ago. With the possible exception of the Porifera and coelenterates (Cnidaria), they occur in all the remaining phyla. All transmitters have evolved the ability to activate a range of ion channels, resulting in excitation, inhibition and biphasic or multiphasic responses. All transmitters can be synthesised in all three basic types of neurones, i.e. sensory, interneurone and motoneurone. However their relative importance as sensory, interneurone or motor transmitters varies widely between the phyla. It is likely that all neurones contain more than one type of releasable molecule, often a combination of a classical transmitter and a neuroactive peptide. Second messengers, i.e. G proteins and phospholipase C systems, appeared early in evolution and occur in all phyla that have been investigated. Although the evidence is incomplete, it is likely that all the classical transmitter receptor subtypes identified in mammals, also occur throughout the phyla. The invertebrate receptors so far cloned show some interesting homologies both between those from different invertebrate phyla and with mammalian receptors. This indicates that many of the basic receptor subtypes, including benzodiazepine subunits, evolved ar an early period, probably at least 800 million years ago. Overall, the evidence stresses the similarity between the major phyla rather than their differences, supporting a common origin from primitive helminth stock.
引用
收藏
页码:S3 / S33
页数:31
相关论文
共 221 条
[21]   Channel gating in the absence of agonist by a homo-oligomeric molluscan GABA receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes from a cloned cDNA [J].
Bhandal, Narotam S. ;
Ramsey, Robert L. ;
Harvey, Robert J. ;
Darlison, Mark G. ;
Usherwood, Peter N. R. .
INVERTEBRATE NEUROSCIENCE, 1995, 1 (03) :267-272
[22]   DIFFERENT TYPES OF GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS IN ISOLATED AND IDENTIFIED NEURONS OF THE MOLLUSK PLANORBARIUS-CORNEUS [J].
BOLSHAKOV, VY ;
GAPON, SA ;
MAGAZANIK, LG .
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, 1991, 439 :15-35
[23]   CONSERVATION OF NEURAL NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS FROM DROSOPHILA TO VERTEBRATE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS [J].
BOSSY, B ;
BALLIVET, M ;
SPIERER, P .
EMBO JOURNAL, 1988, 7 (03) :611-618
[24]   NEW STRUCTURAL MOTIF FOR LIGAND-GATED ION CHANNELS DEFINED BY AN IONOTROPIC ATP RECEPTOR [J].
BRAKE, AJ ;
WAGENBACH, MJ ;
JULIUS, D .
NATURE, 1994, 371 (6497) :519-523
[25]   SYNTHESIS OF ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS IN XENOPUS OOCYTES INDUCED BY POLY(A)+-MESSENGER RNA FROM LOCUST NERVOUS-TISSUE [J].
BREER, H ;
BENKE, D .
NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN, 1985, 72 (04) :213-214
[26]   MOLECULAR-PROPERTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF INSECT ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS [J].
BREER, H ;
SATTELLE, DB .
JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY, 1987, 33 (11) :771-790
[27]   9 MEMBERS OF THE MYOMODULIN FAMILY OF PEPTIDE COTRANSMITTERS AT THE B16-ARC NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION OF APLYSIA [J].
BREZINA, V ;
BANK, B ;
CROPPER, EC ;
ROSEN, S ;
VILIM, FS ;
KUPFERMANN, I ;
WEISS, KR .
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 1995, 74 (01) :54-72
[28]  
BROOKS HL, 1995, SOC NEUR ABSTR, V21, P334
[29]  
BROWN GD, 1993, AM SOC NEUROSCIENCE, V19, P1700
[30]   HISTAMINE IS A MAJOR MECHANOSENSORY NEUROTRANSMITTER CANDIDATE IN DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER [J].
BUCHNER, E ;
BUCHNER, S ;
BURG, MG ;
HOFBAUER, A ;
PAK, WL ;
POLLACK, I .
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH, 1993, 273 (01) :119-125