GPS applications for geodynamics and earthquake studies

Geodetic measurements obtained with the Global Positioning System (GPS) are increasingly more widely applied in geophysical studies. In this paper, we review the changes to the technology of GPS geodesy over the last five years that are responsible for this increased applicability. We survey geophysical investigations employing GPS to measure coseismic, postseismic, and interseismic deformation; plate motion and crustal deformation at plate boundaries; volcano deformation; and the deformation associated with glacial isostatic adjustment and its application to sea-level studies. We emphasize the use of GPS determinations for the modeling of this wide variety of geophysical phenomena. We also discuss the recent advent of permanent GPS networks for regional geophysical studies, as well as the possible future of GPS surveying in light of the recent advances.