[1] Keio Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Tokyo, Japan
[2] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 3, Dept Spine Surg, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China
[3] Natl Def Med Coll, Dept Orthoped Surg, 3-2 Namiki Tokorozawa, Saitama 3598513, Japan
[4] Keio Univ, Dept Adv Therapy Spine & Spinal Cord Disorders, Tokyo, Japan
[5] Kawasaki Municipal Hosp, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
[6] Saiseikai Cent Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
[7] Kitasato Inst Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
[8] Keio Univ, Sch Med, Clin Res Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan