Green tea polyphenols decreases uric acid level through xanthine oxidase and renal urate transporters in hyperuricemic mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Green tea is a Chinese materia medica with the main functions of "inducing urination and quenching thirst". Green tea polyphenols (GTP) are generally acknowledged as the main active fraction with multiple pharmacological functions in green tea. However, the effect of GTP on hyperuricemia is not clear till now. Aim of study: The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of GTP on serum level of uric acid in potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic mice, and explore the underlying mechanisms from two aspects of production and excretion of uric acid. Materials and methods: PO and GTP were intragastricly administered to mice for consecutive 7 days. Serum level of uric acid, and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in serum and liver were examined. Simultaneously, expression of XOD protein in liver was analyzed by Western blot assay. Expressions of urate transporters including urate-anion transporter (URAT) 1, organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 and 3 in kidney were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining method. Results: 300 and 600 mg/kg GTP significantly decreased serum level of uric acid of hyperuricemic mice in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Besides, 300 and 600 mg/kg GTP markedly reduced XOD activity in serum and liver of hyperuricemic mice (both p < 0.01). Furthermore, 300 and 600 mg/kg GTP clearly reduced XOD expression in liver, as well as reduced URAT1 expression and increased OAT1 and OAT3 expressions in kidney of hyperuricemic mice (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Conclusions: These results demonstrated that GTP had the effect of lowering uric acid through decreasing the uric acid production and increasing uric acid excretion. Our study suggested that GTP would be a promising candidate as a novel hypouricaemic agent for further investigation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.