A depth-averaged debris-flow model that includes the effects of evolving dilatancy. II. Numerical predictions and experimental tests

被引:160
作者
George, David L. [1 ]
Iverson, Richard M. [1 ]
机构
[1] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA
来源
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES | 2014年 / 470卷 / 2170期
关键词
hyperbolic problems; debris flow; landslide; granular-fluid mixtures; FINITE-VOLUME METHODS; RIEMANN SOLVERS; SAINT-VENANT; GRANULAR AVALANCHES; SCHEMES; STEADY; EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS; SURFACE; MOTION;
D O I
10.1098/rspa.2013.0820
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
We evaluate a new depth-averaged mathematical model that is designed to simulate all stages of debris-flow motion, from initiation to deposition. A companion paper shows how the model's five governing equations describe simultaneous evolution of flow thickness, solid volume fraction, basal pore-fluid pressure and two components of flow momentum. Each equation contains a source term that represents the influence of state-dependent granular dilatancy. Here, we recapitulate the equations and analyse their eigenstructure to show that they form a hyperbolic system with desirable stability properties. To solve the equations, we use a shock-capturing numerical scheme with adaptive mesh refinement, implemented in an open-source software package we call D-Claw. As tests of D-Claw, we compare model output with results from two sets of large-scale debris-flow experiments. One set focuses on flow initiation from landslides triggered by rising pore-water pressures, and the other focuses on downstream flow dynamics, runout and deposition. D-Claw performs well in predicting evolution of flow speeds, thicknesses and basal pore-fluid pressures measured in each type of experiment. Computational results illustrate the critical role of dilatancy in linking coevolution of the solid volume fraction and pore-fluid pressure, which mediates basal Coulomb friction and thereby regulates debris-flow dynamics.
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页数:31
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