Giant arc statistics in concord with a concordance lambda cold dark matter universe

被引:100
作者
Wambsganss, J [1 ]
Bode, P
Ostriker, JP
机构
[1] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys, D-14467 Potsdam, Germany
[2] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[3] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England
关键词
cosmological parameters; dark matter; galaxies : clusters : general gravitational lensing; methods : N-body simulations; methods : numerical;
D O I
10.1086/421459
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
The frequency of giant arcs - highly distorted and strongly gravitationally lensed background galaxies - is a powerful test for cosmological models. Previous comparisons of arc statistics for the currently favored concordance cosmological model ( lambda cold dark matter [LCDM]) with observations have shown an apparently large discrepancy in underpredicting cluster arcs. We present new ray-shooting results, based on a high-resolution (1024(3) particles in a 320 h(-1) Mpc box) large-scale structure simulation normalized to the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations. We follow light rays through a pseudo - three-dimensional matter distribution approximated by up to 38 lens planes and evaluate the occurrence of arcs for various source redshifts. We find that the frequency of strongly lensed background galaxies is a steep function of source redshift: the optical depth for giant arcs increases by a factor of 5 when background sources are moved from redshift z(s) = 1.0 to 1.5. This is a consequence of a small decrease of the critical surface mass density for lensing, combined with the very steep cluster mass function at the high-mass end plus a modest contribution from secondary lens planes. Our results are consistent with those of Bartelmann et al. if we - as they did - restrict all sources to be at z(s) = 1. If we allow sources extending to or beyond z(s) greater than or equal to 1.5, the apparent discrepancy vanishes: the frequency of arcs increases by about a factor of 10 as compared to previous estimates, and results in roughly one arc per 20 deg(2) over the sky, in good agreement with the observed frequency of arcs.
引用
收藏
页码:L93 / L96
页数:4
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