A spatially explicit watershed-scale analysis of dissolved organic carbon in Adirondack lakes

被引:102
作者
Canham, CD
Pace, ML
Papaik, MJ
Primack, AGB
Roy, KM
Maranger, RJ
Curran, RP
Spada, DM
机构
[1] Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA
[2] Adirondack Pk Agcy, Ray Brook, NY 12977 USA
[3] Adirondack Lake Survey Corp, NY State Dept Environm Conservat, Div Air Resources, Ray Brook, NY 12977 USA
关键词
Adirondack Park; dissolved organic carbon; DOC; lakes; likelihood estimation; watershed loading; watershed models; wetland vs. upland loading;
D O I
10.1890/02-5271
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Terrestrial ecosystems contribute significant amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to aquatic ecosystems. Temperate lakes vary in DOC concentration as a result of variation in the spatial configuration and composition of vegetation within the watershed, hydrology, and within-lake processes. We have developed and parameterized a spatially explicit model of lake DOC concentrations, using data from 428 watersheds in the Adirondack Park of New York. Our analysis estimates watershed loading to each lake as a function of the cover type of each 10 x 10 m grid cell within the watershed, and its flow-path distance to the lake. The estimated export rates for the three main forest cover types were 37.7-47.0 kg C.ha(-1).yr(-1). The four main wetland cover types had much higher rates of export per unit area (188.4-227.0 kg C.ha(-1).yr(-1)), but wetlands occupied only 11%, on average, of watershed area. As a result, upland forests were the source of similar to70% of DOC loading. There was evidence of significant interannual variation in DOC loading, correlated with interannual variation in precipitation. Estimated net in situ DOC production within the lakes was extremely low (<1 kg C.ha(-1).yr(-1)). Many of the lakes have large watersheds relative to lake volume and have correspondingly high flushing rates. As a result, losses due to lake discharge generally had a larger effect on lake DOC concentrations than in-lake decay. Our approach can be readily incorporated within a GIS framework and allows examination of scenarios such as loss of wetlands, alterations in forest management, or increases in conserved areas, as a function of the unique configuration of individual watersheds.
引用
收藏
页码:839 / 854
页数:16
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