Ecological effects of climate fluctuations

被引:1341
作者
Stenseth, NC
Mysterud, A
Ottersen, G
Hurrell, JW
Chan, KS
Lima, M
机构
[1] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, Div Zool, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
[2] Flodevigen Marine Res Stn, Inst Marine Res, Dept Coastal Zone Studies, N-4817 His, Norway
[3] Inst Marine Res, N-5024 Bergen, Norway
[4] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA
[5] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
[6] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Adv Studies Ecol & Biodivers, Santiago 6513677, Chile
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.1071281
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Climate influences a variety of ecological processes. These effects operate through local weather parameters such as temperature, wind, rain, snow, and ocean currents, as well as interactions among these. In the temperate zone, local variations in weather are often coupled over large geographic areas through the transient behavior of atmospheric planetary-scale waves. These variations drive temporally and spatially averaged exchanges of heat, momentum, and water vapor that ultimately determine growth, recruitment, and migration patterns. Recently, there have been several studies of the impact of large-scale climatic forcing on ecological systems. We review how two of the best-known climate phenomena the North Atlantic Oscillation and the El Nino Southern Oscillation affect ecological patterns and processes in both marine and terrestrial systems.
引用
收藏
页码:1292 / 1296
页数:5
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