An operon from Lactobacillus helveticus composed of a proline iminopeptidase gene (pepl) and two genes coding for putative members of the ABC transporter family of proteins

A proline iminopeptidase gene (pepl) of an industrial Lactobacillus helveticus strain was cloned and found to be organized in an operon-like structure of three open reading frames (ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3). ORF1 was preceded by a typical prokaryotic promoter region, and a putative transcription terminator was found downstream of ORF3, identified as the pepl gene. Using primer-extension analyses, only one transcription start site, upstream of ORF1, was identifiable in the predicted operon. Although the size of mRNA could not be judged by Northern analysis either with ORF1-, ORF2- or pepl-specific probes, reverse transcription-PCR analyses further supported the operon structure of the three genes. ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3 had coding capacities for 50.7, 24.5 and 33.8 kDa proteins, respectively. The ORF3-encoded Pepl protein showed 65% identity with the Pepl proteins from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis. The ORF1-encoded protein had significant homology with several members of the ABC transporter family but, with two distinct putative ATP-binding sites, it would represent an unusual type among the bacterial ABC transporters. ORF2 encoded a putative integral membrane protein also characteristic of the ABC transporter family. The pepl gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Purified Pepl hydrolysed only di- and tripeptides with proline in the first position, Optimum Pepl activity was observed at ph 7.5 and 40 degrees C. A gel filtration analysis indicated that Pepl is a dimer of M(r) 53000. Pepl was shown to be a metal-independent serine peptidase having thiol groups at or near the active site. Kinetic studies with proline-p-nitroanilide as substrate revealed K-m and V-max values of 0.8 mM and 350 mmol min(-1) mg(-1), respectively, and a very high turnover number of 135000 s(-1).