Biotechnology and bioremediation: successes and limitations

被引：253

作者：

Dua, M

Singh, A

Sethunathan, N

Johri, AK

机构：

[1] Univ Delhi, Dept Zool, Delhi 110007, India

[2] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[3] CSIRO Land & Water, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia

来源：

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY | 2002年 / 59卷 / 2-3期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1007/s00253-002-1024-6

中图分类号：

Q81 [生物工程学（生物技术）]; Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

With advances in biotechnology, bioremediation has become one of the most rapidly developing fields of environmental restoration, utilizing microorganisms to reduce the concentration and toxicity of various chemical pollutants, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalate esters, nitroaromatic compounds, industrial solvents, pesticides and metals. A number of bioremediation strategies have been developed to treat contaminated wastes and sites. Selecting the most appropriate strategy to treat a specific site can be guided by considering three basic principles: the amenability of the pollutant to biological transformation to less toxic products (biochemistry), the accessibility of the contaminant to microorganisms (bioavailability) and the opportunity for optimization of biological activity (bioactivity). Recent advances in the molecular genetics of biodegradation and studies on enzyme-tailoring and DNA-shuffling are discussed in this paper.

引用

页码：143 / 152

页数：10

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