The role of COX-2 in intestinal cancer

被引:81
作者
Williams, C
Shattuck-Brandt, RL
DuBois, RN
机构
[1] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Vet Adm Med, Dept Cell Biol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
[2] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Vet Adm Med, Dept Med,Div Gastroenterol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
来源
CANCER PREVENTION: NOVEL NUTRIENT AND PHARMACEUTICAL DEVELOPMENTS | 1999年 / 889卷
关键词
D O I
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08725.x
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
Cyclooxygenase (COX), the key regulatory enzyme for prostaglandin synthesis is transcribed from two distinct genes. COX-1 is expressed constitutively in most tissues, and COX-2 is induced by a wide variety of stimuli and was initially identified as an immediate-early growth response gene. In addition, COX-2 expression is markedly increased in 85-90 % of human colorectal adenocarcinomas, whereas COX-1 levels remain unchanged. Several epidemiological studies have reported a 40-50 % reduction in the risk of developing colorectal cancer in persons who chronically take such nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as aspirin, which are classic inhibitors of cyclooxygenase. Genetic evidence also supports a role for COX-2, since mice null for COX-2 have an 86% reduction in tumor multiplicity in a background containing a mutated APC allele, These results strongly suggest that COX-2 contributes to the development of intestinal tumors and that inhibition of COX is chemopreventative.
引用
收藏
页码:72 / 83
页数:12
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