Disease recurrence in black and white men undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinical stage T1-T2 prostate cancer

Purpose: The reported incidence and mortality of prostate cancer are higher among black than white men. Reasons for the disproportionate racial incidence of this disease are not known but most surveys suggest that increased mortality among black men is due to more advanced tumor stage at diagnosis. To determine if racial differences exist in men with similar stage disease we compared disease recurrence in black and white men who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinical stage T1-T2 prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the records of all 257 white and 218 black men undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinical stage T1-T2 prostate cancer at the Louisiana State University Medical Center-Shreveport and the Overton-Brooks Veterans Affairs Medical Center between January 1990 and November 1998. Age, race, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), ultrasound measured prostate volume, PSA density (PSA divided by prostate volume), histological features of the prostate biopsy, clinical stage, pathological stage, histological features of the radical prostatectomy specimen and disease recurrence were reviewed. Results: Black men had significantly higher mean serum PSA and PSA density than white men (2-sided p = 0.005 and 0.03, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences by race in terms of patient age, prostate volume,clinical stage, biopsy Gleason score, pathological stage, positive pelvic lymph nodes, positive surgical margins or PSA recurrence rates. Conclusions: Black men with clinical stage T1-T2 prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy had significantly higher serum PSA and PSA density than similarly treated white men. However, race appears to have no independent impact on pathological findings or disease recurrence in men with clinically localized prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy when the effects of differences in serum PSA are controlled.