Biomass and carbon partitioning in switchgrass

被引:163
作者
Frank, AB [1 ]
Berdahl, JD [1 ]
Hanson, JD [1 ]
Liebig, MA [1 ]
Johnson, HA [1 ]
机构
[1] USDA ARS, Mandan, ND 58554 USA
关键词
D O I
10.2135/cropsci2004.1391
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Grasslands have an underground biomass component that serves as a carbon (C) storage sink. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has potential as a biofuel crop. Our objectives were to determine biomass and C partitioning in aboveground and belowground plant components and changes in soil organic C in switchgrass. Cultivars Sunburst and Dacotah were field grown over 3 yr at Mandan, ND. Aboveground biomass was sampled and separated into leaves, stems, senesced, and litter biomass. Root biomass to 1.1-m depth and soil organic C to 0.9-m depth was determined. Soil C loss from respiratory processes was determined by measuring CO2 flux from early May to late October. At seed ripe harvest, stem biomass accounted for 46% of total aboveground biomass, leaves 7%, senesced plant parts 43%, and litter 4%. Excluding crowns, root biomass averaged 27% of the total plant biomass and 84% when crown tissue was included with root biomass. Carbon partitioning among aboveground, crown, and root biomass showed that crown tissue contained approximately 50% of the total biomass C. Regression analysis indicated that soil organic C to 0.9-m depth increased at the rate of 1.01 kg cm(-2) yr(-1). Carbon lost through soil respiration processes was equal to 44% of the C content of the total plant biomass. Although an amount equal to nearly half of the C captured in plant biomass during a year is lost through soil respiration, these results suggest that northern Great Plains switchgrass plantings have potential for storing a significant quantity of soil C.
引用
收藏
页码:1391 / 1396
页数:6
相关论文
共 24 条
[21]   BIOMASS YIELD, COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTION COSTS FOR 8 SWITCHGRASS VARIETIES IN ALABAMA [J].
SLADDEN, SE ;
BRANSBY, DI ;
AIKEN, GE .
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY, 1991, 1 (02) :119-122
[22]   EFFECTS OF SOIL AND NITROGEN ON WATER-USE EFFICIENCY OF TALL FESCUE AND SWITCHGRASS UNDER HUMID CONDITIONS [J].
STOUT, WL ;
JUNG, GA ;
SHAFFER, JA .
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL, 1988, 52 (02) :429-434
[23]   Year-round observations of the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide in a native tallgrass prairie [J].
Suyker, AE ;
Verma, SB .
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2001, 7 (03) :279-289
[24]  
Zan C, 1997, MAKING BUSINESS BIOM, P355