Regulation of the actin cycle in vivo by actin filament severing

被引:79
作者
McGrath, JL
Osborn, EA
Tardy, YS
Dewey, CF
Hartwig, JH
机构
[1] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Hematol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Fluid Mech Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[3] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Biomed Engn Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
关键词
cell motility; actin polymerization; actin severing; ADF/cofilin; gelsolin;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.100023397
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Cycling of actin subunits between monomeric and filamentous phases is essential for cell crawling behavior. We investigated actin filament turnover rates, length, number, barbed end exposure, and binding of cofilin in bovine arterial endothelial cells moving at different speeds depending on their position in a confluent monolayer. Fast-translocating cells near the wound edge have short filament lifetimes compared with turnover values that proportionately increase in slower moving cells situated at increasing distances from the wound border. Contrasted with slow cells exhibiting slow actin filament turnover speeds, fast cells have less polymerized actin, shorter actin filaments, more free barbed ends, and less actin-associated cofilin, Cultured primary fibroblasts manifest identical relationships between speed and actin turnover as the endothelial cells, and fast fibroblasts expressing gelsolin have higher actin turnover rates than slow fibroblasts that lack this actin-severing protein. These results implicate actin filament severing as an important control mechanism for actin cycling in cells.
引用
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页码:6532 / 6537
页数:6
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