Simultaneous bioconversion of glucose and xylose to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the presence of xylose isomerase

Simultaneous isomerisation and fermentation (SIF) of xylose and simultaneous isomerisation and cofermentation (SICF) of a glucose/xylose mixture was carried out by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the presence of xylose isomerase. The SIF of 50 gl(-1) xylose gave an ethanol concentration and metabolic yield of 7.5 gl(-1) and 0.36 g (g xylose consumed)(-1). These parameters improved to 13.4 gl(-1) and 0.40 respectively, when borate was added to the medium. The SICF of a mixture of 50 g l(-1) glucose and 50 g l(-1) xylose gave an ethanol concentration and metabolic yield of 29.8 g l(-1) and 0.32 respectively, in the presence of borate. Temperature modulation from 30 degrees C to 35 degrees C during fermentation further enhanced the above parameters to 39 gl(-1) and 0.45 respectively. The approach was extended to the bioconversion of sugars present in a real lignocellulose hydrolysate (peanut-shell hydrolysate) to ethanol, with a fairly good yield.