Do high-voltage pulses cause changes in skin structure?

Dramatic changes in skin properties are caused by high-voltage pulses (e.g., 100 V) of millisecond duration. The exact mechanism by which these changes occur remains unresolved, but may result from alterations of skin structure, possibly involving electroporation of the stratum corneum's intracellular lipid bilayers. The evidence supporting this hypothesis is presented from a range of studies which address molecular transport, electrical impedance, microscopic imaging and theoretical analysis.