On the efficacy of intervention methods for children and adolescents with learning problems:: A synopsis of available meta-analyses

There are not only countless single studies dealing with the efficacy of intervention strategies for children and adolescents with learning problems, but by now also numerous summarizing reviews in the form of meta-analyses. In this study, the attempt is made to examine all relevant synopses and formulate general statements on their basis about the benefits of methods to foster learning. The results from 26 identified meta-analyses reveal that direct instruction, strategy instruction, peer tutoring, and computer-assisted instruction are generally the most effective methods. A free, exploring, child-centred, and constructivist approach or specific concepts within the realms of perceptual training, motor training, and music or art therapy appear to be far less appropriate. Discussion focuses on the practical implications of these findings.