Aminoglycoside antibiotics

被引:526
作者
Forge, A
Schacht, J
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Kresge Hearing Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] UCL, Inst Laryngol & Otol, London WC1E 6BT, England
关键词
aminoglycosides; ototoxicity; mechanism of action; pharmacokinetics; prevention; reactive oxygen species;
D O I
10.1159/000013861
中图分类号
R36 [病理学]; R76 [耳鼻咽喉科学];
学科分类号
100104 ; 100213 ;
摘要
In the 50 years since their discovery, the aminoglycoside antibiotics have seen unprecedented use, Discovered in the 1940s, they were the long-sought remedy for tuberculosis and other serious bacterial infections. The side effects of renal and auditory toxicity, however, led to a decline of their use in most countries in the 1970s and 1980s, Nevertheless, today the aminoglycosides are still the most commonly used antibiotics worldwide thanks to the combination of their high efficacy with low cost. This review first summarizes the history, chemistry, antibacterial actions and acute side effects of the drugs. It then details the pathophysiology of aminoglycoside ototoxicity including experimental and clinical observations, risk factors and incidence, Pharmacokinetics, cellular actions and our current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of ototoxicity are discussed at length. The review concludes with recent advances towards therapeutic intervention to prevent aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel.
引用
收藏
页码:3 / 22
页数:20
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