Impacts of Climate Change on Indirect Human Exposure to Pathogens and Chemicals from Agriculture

被引：134

作者：

Boxall, Alistair B. A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Hardy, Anthony ^{[2
]}

Beulke, Sabine ^{[2
]}

Boucard, Tatiana ^{[3
]}

Burgin, Laura

Falloon, Peter D. ^{[4
]}

Haygarth, Philip M. ^{[5
]}

Hutchinson, Thomas ^{[6
]}

Kovats, R. Sari ^{[7
]}

Leonardi, Giovanni ^{[8
]}

Levy, Leonard S. ^{[9
]}

Nichols, Gordon ^{[8
]}

Parsons, Simon A. ^{[9
]}

Potts, Laura ^{[10
]}

Stone, David ^{[11
]}

Topp, Edward ^{[12
]}

Turley, David B. ^{[2
]}

Walsh, Kerry ^{[3
]}

Wellington, Elizabeth M. H. ^{[13
]}

Williams, Richard J. ^{[14
]}

机构：

[1] Univ York, CSL, Ecochem Team, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England

[2] Cent Sci Lab, York, N Yorkshire, England

[3] Environm Hyg Agcy, Wallingford, Oxon, England

[4] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England

[5] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England

[6] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England

[7] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England

[8] Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England

[9] Cranfield Univ, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England

[10] York St Johns Univ, York, N Yorkshire, England

[11] Nat England, Peterborough, Cambs, England

[12] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada

[13] Univ Warwick, Warwick, England

[14] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford, Oxon, England

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES | 2009年 / 117卷 / 04期

基金：

英国工程与自然科学研究理事会; 英国医学研究理事会; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 英国自然环境研究理事会; 英国惠康基金; 英国经济与社会研究理事会;

关键词：

agriculture; climate change; environmental fate; health risks; nutrients; pathogens; pesticides; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SOILS; DUST; CONTAMINANTS; UK; PESTICIDES; DISEASE;

D O I：

10.1289/ehp.0800084

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

OBJECTIVE: Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts. DATA SOURCES: In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals and pathogens to agricultural systems; and human exposure pathways for pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. DATA SYNTHESIS: We established the current evidence base for health effects of chemicals and pathogens in the agricultural environment; determined the potential implications of climate change on chemical and pathogen inputs in agricultural systems; and explored the effects of climate change on environmental transport and fate of different contaminant types. We combined these data to assess the implications of climate change in terms of indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems. We then developed recommendations on future research and policy changes to manage any adverse increases in risks. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, climate change is likely to increase human exposures to agricultural contaminants. The magnitude of the increases will be highly dependent on the contaminant type. Risks from many pathogens and particulate and particle-associated contaminants could increase significantly. These increases in exposure can, however, be managed for the most part through targeted research and policy changes.

引用

页码：508 / 514

页数：7

共 75 条

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