Expression patterns of a novel AtCHX gene family highlight potential roles in osmotic adjustment and K+ homeostasis in pollen development

被引:134
作者
Sze, H [1 ]
Padmanaban, S
Cellier, F
Honys, D
Cheng, NH
Bock, KW
Conéjéro, G
Li, XY
Twell, D
Ward, JM
Hirschi, KD
机构
[1] Univ Maryland, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[2] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, INRA, UMR 5004,AgroM, F-34060 Montpellier, France
[3] Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Expt Bot, Lab Pollen Biol, CR-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic
[4] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[5] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Human & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[6] Univ Leicester, Dept Bot, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England
[7] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1104/pp.104.046003
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
A combined bioinformatic and experimental approach is being used to uncover the functions of a novel family of cation/H+ exchanger (CHX) genes in plants using Arabidopsis as a model. The predicted protein (85-95 kD) of 28 AtCHX genes after revision consists of an amino-terminal domain with 10 to 12 transmembrane spans (approximately 440 residues) and a hydrophilic domain of approximately 360 residues at the carboxyl end, which is proposed to have regulatory roles. The hydrophobic, but not the hydrophilic, domain of plant CHX is remarkably similar to monovalent cation/proton antiporter-2 (CPA2) proteins, especially yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) KHA1 and Synechocystis NhaS4. Reports of characterized fungal and prokaryotic CPA2 indicate that they have various transport modes, including K+/H+ (KHA1), Na+/H+-K+ (GerN) antiport, and ligand-gated ion channel (KefC). The expression pattern of AtCHX genes was determined by reverse transcription PCR, promoter-driven beta-glucuronidase expression in transgenic plants, and Affymetrix ATH1 genome arrays. Results show that 18 genes are specifically or preferentially expressed in the male gametophyte, and six genes are highly expressed in sporophytic tissues. Microarray data revealed that several AtCHX genes were developmentally regulated during microgametogenesis. An exciting idea is that CHX proteins allow osmotic adjustment and K+ homeostasis as mature pollen desiccates and then rehydrates at germination. The multiplicity of CHX-like genes is conserved in higher plants but is not found in animals. Only 17 genes, OsCHX01 to OsCHX17, were identified in rice (Oryza saliva) subsp. japonica, suggesting diversification of CHX in Arabidopsis. These results reveal a novel CHX gene family in flowering plants with potential functions in pollen development, germination, and tube growth.
引用
收藏
页码:2532 / 2547
页数:16
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