Transfersomes, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery

被引:322
作者
Cevc, G
机构
[1] Medizinische Biophysik, TU München, Klinikum r.d.l., D-81675 München
来源
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN THERAPEUTIC DRUG CARRIER SYSTEMS | 1996年 / 13卷 / 3-4期
关键词
transdermal delivery; lipid vesicles; transfersomes; theoretical models; in vivo studies; skin penetration; permeation enhancement;
D O I
10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v13.i3-4.30
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
Agents with MW less than or equal to are being delivered transdermally with the aid of skin permeation enhancers that increase the agent's diffusivity and/or partitioning in the organ. Use of composite, lipidic agent-carriers (liposomes, niosomes) was not successful to date, due to the inability of such vehicles to pass through the narrow (less than or equal to 30 nm) intercellular passages (virtual pores) in the outer skin layers. A solution to this problem are the orders of magnitude more deformable supramolecular aggregates, transfersomes. Such innovative drug-carriers are driven across the skin by the noturally occurring, concentration-insensitive, and probably hydration based, transepidermal gradient(s) and transport very efficient (much greater than 50%) and reproducibly various agents (200 less than or equal to MW less than or equal to 10(6); lipophilic/hydrophilic) into the body. Transfersomes were successfully used in animals and humans, also for the transcutaneous peptide and protein delivery. The theoretical rational for this is described together with the corresponding experimental models and practical examples.
引用
收藏
页码:257 / 388
页数:132
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