The neuropsychological bases of category learning

There is a long history of research into how people learn new categories of objects or events. Recent advances have led to new insights about the neuropsychological basis of this critically important cognitive process. In particular, there is now good evidence that the frontal cortex and basal ganglia contribute to category learning, that medial temporal lobe structures make a more minor contribution, and that categorization rules are not represented in visual cortex. There is also strong evidence that normal category learning is mediated by at least two separate systems. A recent neuropsychological theory of category learning that is consistent with these data is described.