Wave-induced mixing in the upper ocean: Distribution and application to a global ocean circulation model

[ 1] From the Reynolds stress expression, the wave-induced vertical viscosity ( or diffusivity) Bv is defined, which can be used as a parameter to estimate the strength of wave-induced mixing. In addition, a parameter D-5 is introduced to represent a wave-induced mixing penetration depth. The global distribution of Bv averaged over the upper 20 m is calculated and its latitudinal transects in boreal summer and winter is discussed. The results show that in summer the wave-induced mixing is strong in the southern oceans south of 30degreesS, and in winter it is strong in the north Pacific and the north Atlantic north of 30degreesN, as well as in the southern oceans south of 40degreesS. Adding Bv to the vertical diffusivity in a global ocean circulation model yields a temperature structure in the upper 100 m that is closer to the observed climatology than a model without the wave-induced mixing.