共 51 条
The transition from memory retrieval to extinction
被引:16
作者:
Cammarota, M
Barros, DM
Vianna, MRM
Bevilaqua, LRM
Coitinho, A
Szapiro, G
Izquierdo, LA
Medina, JH
Izquierdo, I
机构:
[1] Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Dept Bioquim, ICS, Ctr Memoria, BR-90035003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
[2] Fundacao Univ Fed Rio Grande, Dept Ciencias Fisiol, BR-96201900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
[3] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Inst Biol Celular & Neurociencia Eduardo De Rober, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
来源:
ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS
|
2004年
/
76卷
/
03期
关键词:
memory;
retrieval;
extinction;
reconsolidation;
inhibitory avoidance;
D O I:
10.1590/S0001-37652004000300011
中图分类号:
O [数理科学和化学];
P [天文学、地球科学];
Q [生物科学];
N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号:
07 ;
0710 ;
09 ;
摘要:
Memory is measured by measuring retrieval. Retrieval is often triggered by the conditioned stimulus (CS); however, as known since Pavlov, presentation of the CS alone generates extinction. One-trial avoidance (IA) is a much used conditioned fear paradigm in which the CS is the safe part of a training apparatus, the unconditioned stimulus (US) is a footshock and the conditioned response is to stay in the safe area. In IA, retrieval is measured without the US, as latency to step-down from the safe area (i.e., a platform). Extinction is installed at the moment of the first unreinforced test session, as clearly shown by the fact that many drugs, including PKA, ERK and protein synthesis inhibitors as well as NMDA receptor antagonists, hinder extinction when infused into the hippocampus or the basolateral amygdala at the moment of the first test session but not later. Some, but not all the molecular systems required for extinction are also activated by retrieval, further endorsing the hypothesis that although retrieval is behaviorally and biochemically necessary for the generation of extinction, this last process constitutes a new learning secondary to the unreinforced expression of the original trace.
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页码:573 / 582
页数:10
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