Rapid and multiband variability of the TeV bright active nucleus of the galaxy IC 310

被引：55

作者：

Aleksie, J. ^{[1
]}

Antonelli, L. A. ^{[2
]}

Antoranz, P. ^{[3
,4
]}

Babic, A. ^{[5
,6
]}

de Almeida, U. Barres ^{[7
]}

Barrio, J. A. ^{[8
]}

Becerra Gonzalez, J. ^{[9
]}

Bednarek, W. ^{[10
]}

Berger, K. ^{[9
,11
]}

Bernardini, E. ^{[12
]}

Biland, A. ^{[13
]}

Blanch, O. ^{[1
]}

Bock, R. K. ^{[7
]}

Boller, A. ^{[13
]}

Bonnefoy, S. ^{[8
]}

Bonnoli, G. ^{[2
]}

Tridon, D. Borla ^{[7
]}

Borracci, F. ^{[7
]}

Bretz, T. ^{[14
]}

Carmona, E. ^{[15
]}

Carosi, A. ^{[2
]}

Carreto Fidalgo, D. ^{[8
,14
]}

Colin, P. ^{[7
]}

Colombo, E. ^{[9
]}

Contreras, J. L. ^{[8
]}

Cortina, J. ^{[1
]}

Cossio, L. ^{[16
,17
]}

Covino, S. ^{[2
]}

Da Vela, P. ^{[3
,4
]}

Dazzi, F. ^{[16
,17
]}

De Angelis, A. ^{[16
,17
]}

De Caneva, G. ^{[12
]}

Delgado Mendez, C. ^{[15
]}

De Lotto, B. ^{[16
,17
]}

Doert, M. ^{[18
]}

Dominguez, A. ^{[19
]}

Dominis Prester, D. ^{[5
,6
]}

Dorner, D. ^{[14
]}

Doro, M. ^{[20
,21
,22
,23
]}

Eisenacher, D. ^{[14
]}

Elsaesser, D. ^{[14
]}

Farina, E. ^{[24
]}

Ferenc, D. ^{[5
,6
]}

Fonseca, M. V. ^{[8
]}

Font, L. ^{[22
,23
]}

Fruck, C. ^{[7
]}

Garcia Lopez, R. J. ^{[9
,11
]}

Garczarczyk, M. ^{[9
]}

Terrats, D. Garrido ^{[22
,23
]}

Gaug, M. ^{[22
,23
]}

机构：

[1] IFAE, Bellaterra 08193, Spain

[2] INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy

[3] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy

[4] INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy

[5] Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia

[6] Univ Split, Zagreb 10000, Croatia

[7] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany

[8] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain

[9] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38200, Spain

[10] Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland

[11] Univ La Laguna, Depto Astrofis, San Cristobal la Laguna 38206, Spain

[12] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany

[13] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

[14] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany

[15] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, Madrid 28040, Spain

[16] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy

[17] INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy

[18] Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany

[19] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, Granada 18080, Spain

[20] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[21] INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[22] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Unitat Fis Radiac, Dept Fis, Bellaterra 08193, Spain

[23] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain

[24] Univ Insubria, I-22100 Como, Italy

[25] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain

[26] Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Piikkio 21500, Finland

[27] Kyoto Univ, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Div Phys & Astron, Kahiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan

[28] Inst Nucl Energy Res, Sofia 1784, Bulgaria

[29] Univ Barcelona ICC IEEC, Barcelona 08028, Spain

[30] INAF Osservatorio Astron, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[31] INFN, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[32] Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy

[33] INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy

[34] ICREA, Barcelona 08010, Spain

[35] UAM CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, Madrid 28049, Spain

[36] Dr Karl Remeis Observ, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany

[37] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany

[38] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2014年 / 563卷

基金：

美国国家航空航天局; 芬兰科学院; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

galaxies: active; galaxies: individual: IC 310; gamma rays: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; PERSEUS CLUSTER; RADIO GALAXIES; CENTAURUS; CATALOG; FLARES; M87; RADIATION; SYSTEM;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/201321938

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Context. The radio galaxy IC 310 has recently been identified as a gamma-ray emitter based on observations at GeV energies with Fermi-LAT and at very high energies (VHE, E > 100 GeV) with the MAGIC telescopes. Originally classified as a head-tail radio galaxy, the nature of this object is subject of controversy since its nucleus shows blazar-like behavior. Aims. To understand the nature of IC310 and the origin of the VHE emission, we studied the spectral and flux variability of IC 310 from the X-ray band to the VHE gamma-ray regime. Methods. The light curve of IC310 above 300GeV has been measured with the MAGIC telescopes from 2009 October to 2010 February. Contemporaneous Fermi-LAT data (2008-2011) in the 10-500 GeV energy range were also analyzed. In the X-ray regime, archival observations from 2003 to 2007 with XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Swift-XRT in the 0.5-10 keV band were studied. Results. The VHE light curve reveals several high-amplitude and short-duration flares. Day-to-day flux variability is clearly present (>5 sigma). The photon index between 120 GeV and 8 TeV remains at the value Gamma similar to 2.0 during both low and high flux states. The VHE spectral shape does not show significant variability, whereas the flux at 1 TeV changes by a factor of similar to 7. Fermi-LAT detected only eight gamma-ray events in the energy range 10 GeV-500 GeV in three years of observation. The measured photon index of Gamma = 1.3 +/- 0.5 in the Fermi-LAT range is very hard. The X-ray measurements show strong variability in both flux and photon index. The latter varied from 1.76 +/- 0.07 to 2.55 +/- 0.07. Conclusions. The rapid variability measured in gamma-rays and X-rays confirms the blazar-like behavior of IC310. The multi-TeV gamma-ray emission seems to originate from scales of less than 80 Schwarzschild radii (for a black hole mass of 2 x 10(8) M-circle dot) within the compact core of its FR I radio jet with orientation angle 10 degrees-38 degrees. The spectral energy distribution resembles that of an extreme blazar, albeit the luminosity is more than two orders of magnitude lower.

引用

页数：9

共 63 条

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del Pozo, E. De Cea
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← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 →

共 63 条

[1] THE 2010 VERY HIGH ENERGY γ-RAY FLARE AND 10 YEARS OF MULTI-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF M 87
Abramowski, A.
Acero, F.
Aharonian, F.
Akhperjanian, A. G.
Anton, G.
Balzer, A.
Barnacka, A.
de Almeida, U. Barres
Becherini, Y.
Becker, J.
Behera, B.
Bernloehr, K.
Birsin, E.
Biteau, J.
Bochow, A.
Boisson, C.
Bolmont, J.
Bordas, P.
Brucker, J.
Brun, F.
Brun, P.
Bulik, T.
Buesching, I.
Carrigan, S.
Casanova, S.
Cerruti, M.
Chadwick, P. M.
Charbonnier, A.
Chaves, R. C. G.
Cheesebrough, A.
Clapson, A. C.
Coignet, G.
Cologna, G.
Conrad, J.
Dalton, M.
Daniel, M. K.
Davids, I. D.
Degrange, B.
Deil, C.
Dickinson, H. J.
Djannati-Atai, A.
Domainko, W.
Drury, L. O'C.
Dubus, G.
Dutson, K.
Dyks, J.
Dyrda, M.
Egberts, K.
Eger, P.
Espigat, P.
[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2012, 746 (02)
[2] Observation of gamma-ray emission from the galaxy M87 above 250 GeV with VERITAS
Acciari, V. A.
Beilicke, M.
Blaylock, G.
Bradbury, S. M.
Buckley, J. H.
Bugaev, V.
Butt, Y.
Celik, O.
Cesarini, A.
Ciupik, L.
Cogan, P.
Colin, P.
Cui, W.
Daniel, M. K.
Duke, C.
Ergin, T.
Falcone, A. D.
Fegan, S. J.
Finley, J. P.
Finnegan, G.
Fortin, P.
Fortson, L. F.
Gibbs, K.
Gillanders, G. H.
Grube, J.
Guenette, R.
Gyuk, G.
Hanna, D.
Hays, E.
Holder, J.
Horan, D.
Hughes, S. B.
Hui, M. C.
Humensky, T. B.
Imran, A.
Kaaret, P.
Kertzman, M.
Kieda, D. B.
Kildea, J.
Konopelko, A.
Krawczynski, H.
Krennrich, F.
Lang, M. J.
LeBohec, S.
Lee, K.
Maier, G.
McCann, A.
McCutcheon, M.
Millis, J.
Moriarty, P.
[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2008, 679 (01) : 397 - 403
[3] THE FIRST FERMI-LAT CATALOG OF SOURCES ABOVE 10 GeV
Ackermann, M.
Ajello, M.
Allafort, A.
Atwood, W. B.
Baldini, L.
Ballet, J.
Barbiellini, G.
Bastieri, D.
Bechtol, K.
Belfiore, A.
Bellazzini, R.
Bernieri, E.
Bissaldi, E.
Bloom, E. D.
Bonamente, E.
Brandt, T. J.
Bregeon, J.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Buehler, R.
Burnett, T. H.
Buson, S.
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