Sequential requirements of the N-terminal palmitoylation site and SH2 domain of Src family kinases in the initiation and progression of FcεRI signaling

Initial biochemical signaling originating from high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (Fc epsilon RI) has been ascribed to Src family kinases. To understand the mechanisms by which individual kinases drive the signaling, we conducted reconstitution experiments: Fc epsilon RI signaling in RBL2H3 cells was first suppressed by a membrane-anchored, gain-of-function C-terminal Src kinase and then reconstructed with Src family kinases whose C-terminal negative regulatory sequence was replaced with a c-myc epitope. Those constructs derived from Lyn and Fyn, which are associated with detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), physically interacted with resting Fc epsilon RI and reconstructed clustering-induced signaling that leads to calcium mobilization and ERK1 and -2 activation. c-Src-derived construct, which was excluded from DRMs, failed to interact with Fc epsilon RI and to restore the signaling, whereas creation of palmitoylatable Cys3 enabled it to interact with DRMs and with Fc epsilon RI and to restore the signaling. Deletion of Src homology 3 (SH3) domain from the Lyn-derived construct did not alter its ability to transduce the series of signaling. Deletion of SH2 domain did not affect its association with DRMs and with Fc epsilon RI nor clustering-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Fc epsilon RI beta and gamma subunits, but it almost abrogated the next step of tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk and its recruitment to Fc epsilon RI. These findings suggest that Lyn and Fyn could, but c-Src could not, drive Fc epsilon RI signaling and that N-terminal palmitoylation and SH2 domain are required in sequence for the initial interaction with Fc epsilon RI and for the signal progression to the molecular assembly.