Biochemical and phenotypical characterization of transgenic tomato plants overexpressing a basic peroxidase

Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv, Pera) were transformed via Agrobacterium tumefaciens with the binary vector pKYLX71 containing a tomato basic peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) gene, tpx1, under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV35S) promoter. Transgenic plants showed a 2-5-fold increase in the activity of the peroxidase ionically bound to the cell wall, whereas soluble peroxidase activity remained similar or even lower than wild-type plants. Isoelectric focusing showed the presence of a new isoperoxidase of pi ca 9 in the ionically bound extract. Western blot also showed the presence of a new band at 41 kDa that was absent in the wild-type extract. A 40-220% increment of lignin content of the leaf was found in transgenic plants. Shoot phenotype of transgenic plants was similar to wild type, although under stress, the plants appeared wilted and the new leaves had a reduced area and were thicker than wild-type or older transgenic leaves. The root system was underdeveloped in transgenic plants, but the rooting ability of the stem was not affected by the overexpression of peroxidase, Finally, the morphogenetic response of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from transgenic plants was evaluated. In the case of cotyledons, the percentage of explants with shoot was not different from wild-type plants. For hypocotyl, one of the transgenic lines showed a 30% reduction in the percentage of shoot organogenesis. The results are discussed in relation to the role of tpx1 in lignin synthesis.