Cause and effect theories of attention: The role of conceptual metaphors

被引:36
作者
Fernandez-Duque, D
Johnson, ML
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Sunnybrook & Womens Coll, Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
[2] Univ Oregon, Dept Philosophy, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1037//1089-2680.6.2.153
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Scientific concepts are defined by metaphors. These metaphors determine what attention is and what count as adequate explanations of the phenomenon. The authors analyze these metaphors within 3 types of attention theories: (a) "cause" theories, in which attention is presumed to modulate information processing (e.g., attention as a spotlight; attention as a limited resource); (b) "effect" theories, in which attention is considered to be a by-product of information processing (e.g., the competition metaphor); and (c) hybrid theories that combine cause and effect aspects (e.g., biased-competition models). The present analysis reveals the crucial role of metaphors in cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and the efforts of scientists to find a resolution to the classic problem of cause versus effect interpretations.
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收藏
页码:153 / 165
页数:13
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