Applications of phthalocyanines in organic light emitting devices

Numerous experimental set-ups for organic light emitting devices including novel elaborate materials have been proposed during the last years. It is remarkable that in a large part of devices, phthalocyanines that are known for several decades are employed successfully in different functions. For this reason, a survey on the use of phthalocyanines in organic light emitting devices is provided. Owing to the great variety of device set-ups the findings of different working groups are not directly comparable in some cases. Nevertheless, it is shown that as a result of their advantageous physical properties phthalocyanines are a favourable choice for the increase in stability of uch devices. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.