Effects of phenolics on vascular endothelial function

Purpose of review There continues to be considerable interest in the concept that antioxidant therapy may reduce cardiovascular risk. Phenols have antioxidant properties and may be important micronutrients. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a strong link between phenolic intake and reduced cardiovascular risk, but the mechanism of benefit has not been determined. Recent findings Recent evidence has emerged that a number of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, reverse vascular endothelial dysfunction. The normal endothelium plays a critical role in regulating vascular function, and endothelial dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The present article reviews the links between phenolic intake, endothelial function and cardiovascular risk. Summary Endothelium-derived nitric oxide bioactivity appears to be increased by supplementation with a number of phenols, and this may explain some of the favourable effects of high phenolic intake seen in epidemiological studies.