Rats were implanted with cannulae in the CAI area of the dorsal hippocampus or in the entorhinal cortex and trained in one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance, Two retention tests were carried out in each animal, one at 1.5 h to measure shortterm memory (STM) and another at 24 h to measure long-term memory (LTM). The purpose of the present study was to screen the effect on STM of various drugs previously shown to affect LTM of this task when given posttraining at the same doses that were used here. The drugs and doses were the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor LY83583 (LY, 2.5 mu g), the inhibitor of Tyr-protein kinase at low concentrations and of protein kinase G (PKG) at higher concentrations lavendustin A (LAV, 0.1 and 0.5 mu g), the PKG inhibitor KT5823 (2.0 mu g), the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor staurosporin (STAU, 2.5 mu g), the inhibitor of calcium/ calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) KN62 (3.6 mu g), the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor KT5720 (0.5 mu g), and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) inhibitor PD098059 (PD, 0.05 mu g). PD was dissolved in saline; all the other drugs were dissolved in 20% dimethyl sulfoxide. In all cases the drugs affected LTM as had been described in previous papers. The drugs affected STM and LTM differentially depending on the brain structure into which they were infused. STM was inhibited by KT5720, LY, and PD given into CAL and by STAU and KT5720 given into the entorhinal cortex. PD given into the entorhinal cortex enhanced STM, LTM was inhibited by STAU, KN62, KT5720, KT5823, and LAV (0.5 mu g) given into CA1 and by STAU, KT5720, and PD given into the entorhinal cortex. The results suggest that STM and LTM involve different physiological mechanisms but are to an extent Linked. STM appears to require PKA, guanylyl cyclase, and MAPKK activity in CAI;Ind PKA and PKC activity in the entorhinal cortex; MAPKK seems to play an inhibitory role in STM in the entorhinal cortex, In contrast, LTM appears to require PKA and PKC activity in both structures, guanylyl cyclase, PKG, and CaMKII activity in CAI, and MAPKK activity in the entorhinal cortex, (C) 2000 Academic Press.
