Nationwide prevalence study of hypertension and related non-communicable diseases in The Gambia

被引:60
作者
vanderSande, MAB
Bailey, R
Faal, H
Banya, WAS
Dolin, P
Nyan, OA
Ceesay, SM
Walraven, GEL
Johnson, GJ
McAdam, KPWJ
机构
[1] MRC LABS, FAJARA, GAMBIA
[2] UNIV LONDON LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED, DEPT CLIN SCI, LONDON WC1E 7HT, ENGLAND
[3] UNIV LONDON, INST OPHTHALMOL, INT CTR EYE HLTH, LONDON WC1E 7HU, ENGLAND
关键词
hypertension; obesity; diabetes; clustering; The Gambia;
D O I
10.1046/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-184.x
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and obesity in The Gambia was assessed in a 1% population sample of 6048 adults over 15 years of age. 572 (9.5%) Subjects were hypertensive according to WHO criteria (a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 95 mmHg or above and/or a systolic blood pressure (SEP) of 160 mmHg or above); 325 (5.4%) had a DBP of 95 mmHg or above, and 39 (2.3%) a DBP of 105 mmHg or above; 428 (7.1%) had a SBP of 160 mmHg or above. By less conservative criteria (a DBP of 90 mmHg or above and/or SBP of 140 mmHg or above), 24.2% of subjects were hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension. was similar in the major ethnic groups and in urban and rural communities. Age and obesity were risk factors for hypertension; female sex was an additional risk factor for diastolic hypertension. Several communities had a prevalence of diastolic hypertension double the national rate, and significant community clustering of diastolic hypertension (P < 0.01) was confirmed by Monte Carlo methods. Genetic and/or localized environmental factors (such as diet or Schistosoma haematobium infection), may be involved. 140 (2.3%) subjects were obese. Obesity was associated with female sex, increasing age, urban environment, non-manual work and diastolic hypertension. Only 14 (0.3%) subjects were found to be diabetic. Hypertension appears to be very prevalent in The Gambia, with a substantial population at risk of developing target organ damage. Further studies to delineate this risk and appropriate interventions to reduce it are needed.
引用
收藏
页码:1039 / 1048
页数:10
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