Non-B DNA structure-induced genetic instability and evolution

被引:316
作者
Zhao, Junhua [1 ]
Bacolla, Albino [1 ]
Wang, Guliang [1 ]
Vasquez, Karen M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Carcinogenesis, Div Sci Pk Res, Smithville, TX 78957 USA
关键词
Non-B DNA structures; Repetitive sequences; Genomic instability; Evolutionary change; Gene regulation; DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; HANDED Z-DNA; TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT INSTABILITY; ORIENTATION-DEPENDENT MANNER; EXCISION-REPAIR PROTEINS; DOT-CAG REPEATS; HUMAN GENOME; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; HUMAN-DISEASE; IN-VIVO;
D O I
10.1007/s00018-009-0131-2
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Repetitive DNA motifs are abundant in the genomes of various species and have the capacity to adopt non-canonical (i.e., non-B) DNA structures. Several non-B DNA structures, including cruciforms, slipped structures, triplexes, G-quadruplexes, and Z-DNA, have been shown to cause mutations, such as deletions, expansions, and translocations in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Their distributions in genomes are not random and often co-localize with sites of chromosomal breakage associated with genetic diseases. Current genome-wide sequence analyses suggest that the genomic instabilities induced by non-B DNA structure-forming sequences not only result in predisposition to disease, but also contribute to rapid evolutionary changes, particularly in genes associated with development and regulatory functions. In this review, we describe the occurrence of non-B DNA-forming sequences in various species, the classes of genes enriched in non-B DNA-forming sequences, and recent mechanistic studies on DNA structure-induced genomic instability to highlight their importance in genomes.
引用
收藏
页码:43 / 62
页数:20
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