A hyperactive quantitative trait locus allele of Arabidopsis BRX contributes to natural variation in root growth vigor

被引:25
作者
Beuchat, Julien [1 ]
Li, Shuwei [2 ]
Ragni, Laura [1 ]
Shindo, Chikako [1 ]
Kohn, Michael H. [2 ]
Hardtke, Christian S. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Lausanne, Dept Plant Mol Biol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
[2] Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Houston, TX 77251 USA
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
Brachypodium; BREVIS RADIX; adaptation; BREVIS-RADIX; SHAPE; POLYMORPHISMS; ELONGATION; REGULATOR; RESPONSES; THALIANA; SYSTEM; GENES; QTL;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.0913207107
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Quantitative trait loci analysis of natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions is increasingly exploited for gene isolation. However, to date this has mostly revealed deleterious mutations. Among them, a loss-of-function allele identified the root growth regulator BREVIS RADIX (BRX). Here we present evidence that BRX and the paralogous BRX-LIKE (BRXL) genes are under selective constraint in monocotyledons as well as dicotyledons. Unexpectedly, however, whereas none of the Arabidopsis orthologs except AtBRXL1 could complement brx null mutants when expressed constitutively, nearly all monocotyledon BRXLs tested could. Thus, BRXL proteins seem to be more diversified in dicotyledons than in monocotyledons. This functional diversification was correlated with accelerated rates of sequence divergence in the N-terminal regions. Population genetic analyses of 30 haplotypes are suggestive of an adaptive role of AtBRX and AtBRXL1. In two accessions, Lc-0 and Lov-5, seven amino acids are deleted in the variable region between the highly conserved C-terminal, so-called BRX domains. Genotyping of 42 additional accessions also found this deletion in Kz-1, Pu2-7, and Ws-0. In segregating recombinant inbred lines, the Lc-0 allele (AtBRXLc-0) conferred significantly enhanced root growth. Moreover, when constitutively expressed in the same regulatory context, AtBRXLc-0 complemented brx mutants more efficiently than an allele without deletion. The same was observed for AtBRXL1, which compared with AtBRX carries a 13 amino acid deletion that encompasses the deletion found in AtBRXLc-0. Thus, the AtBRXLc-0 allele seems to contribute to natural variation in root growth vigor and provides a rare example of an experimentally confirmed, hyperactive allelic variant.
引用
收藏
页码:8475 / 8480
页数:6
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