The possibility of using interlaboratory study repeatability and reproducibility estimates as the basis for measurement uncertainty estimates is discussed. It is argued that collaborative trial reproducibility is an appropriate basis for estimating uncertainty in routine testing provided certain conditions are met by the laboratory. The primary shortcomings relate to establishment of traceability and consequent estimation of bias associated with the method, and quantitative ly establishing the relevance to the single laboratory. Approaches to resolving both difficulties are proposed, the former via full implementation of trueness determination suggested in ISO 5725:1994 or by independent checks on individual accuracy and precision, the latter via a reconciliation procedure. The paper also discusses other factors including sampling and sample pretreatment, change in sample matrix, and the influence of level of analyte.
