Cloning of the mouse desmoglein 3 gene (Dsg3): interspecies conservation within the cadherin superfamily

Desmoglein 3 is a cadherin-like calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule expressed primarily in suprabasal keratinocytes of the epidermis. In this study, we have cloned the full-length cDNA and characterized the entire gene structure for the mouse desmoglein 3 gene (Dsg3). Isolation of overlapping cDNA clones, together with 5' and 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), allowed delineation of the entire coding sequence. The transcriptional initiation site was confirmed by primer extension and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. The entire cDNA consisted of 6407 bp with an open reading frame of 2979 bp, and the deduced polypeptide contained 993 amino acids. Comparison of mouse and human desmoglein 3 amino acid sequences demonstrated 85.6% homology. Computer analysis suggested the presence of a transmembrane segment, 5 potential calcium binding sites, and a RAL motif which corresponds to the HAV motif, the potential site for hemophilic interaction of typical cadherins, The mouse desmoglein 3 gene consisted of 15 exons in chromosome 18. Comparison of the intron-exon organization of Dsg3 with various cadherins from different species revealed remarkable conservation, This relatively high level of conservation both at the protein and genomic level suggests that desmoglein 3 plays an important role in keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion.