Programmed obesity in intrauterine growth-restricted newborns: modulation by newborn nutrition

被引:271
作者
Desai, M
Gayle, D
Babu, J
Ross, MG
机构
[1] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Torrance, CA 90502 USA
[2] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Perinatal Res Labs, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
关键词
appetite-regulating hormones; leptin; ghrelin; catch-up growth; maternal food restriction;
D O I
10.1152/ajpregu.00340.2004
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
The degree of nutrient enhancement during the newborn period may modulate programming of appetite-regulating hormones, body composition, and propensity to adult obesity in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) newborns. Pregnant rats received, from day 10 to term gestation and throughout lactation, ad libitum food (AdLib) or 50% food restriction (FR) to produce IUGR newborns. AdLib vs. FR offspring were studied at day 1, and, to create two distinct groups of newborn catch-up growth ( immediate, delayed) among the IUGR newborns, cross-fostering techniques were employed. The four groups of pups at 3 wk were IUGR immediate catch-up growth (FR/AdLib), IUGR delayed catch-up growth (FR/ FR), control (AdLib/AdLib), and lactation FR control (AdLib/FR). From 3 wk to 9 mo, all offspring had AdLib rat chow. Maternal FR during pregnancy resulted in IUGR pups (6.0 +/- 0.3 vs. 7.1 +/- 0.3 g, P < 0.01) with decreased leptin (0.66 +/- 0.03 vs. 1.63 +/- 0.12 ng/ml, P < 0.001) and increased ghrelin (0.43 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.26 +/- 0.02 ng/ml, P < 0.001). Maternal FR during lactation ( FR/ FR) further impaired IUGR offspring growth at 3 wk. However, by 9 mo, these pups attained normal body weight, percent body fat, and plasma leptin levels. Conversely, IUGR offspring nursed by AdLib dams ( FR/ AdLib) exhibited rapid catch-up growth at 3 wk and continued accelerated growth, resulting in increased weight, percent body fat, and plasma leptin levels. Thus the degree of newborn nutrient enhancement and timing of IUGR newborn catch-up growth may determine the programming of orexigenic hormones and offspring obesity.
引用
收藏
页码:R91 / R96
页数:6
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