Subscriber location in CDMA cellular networks

Subscriber radio location techniques are investigated for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) cellular networks. Two methods are considered for radio location: measured times of arrival (ToA) and angles of arrival (AoA), The ToA measurements are obtained from the code tracking loop in the CDMA receiver, and the AoA measurements at a base station (BS) are assumed to be made with an antenna array, The performance of the two methods is evaluated for both ranging and two-dimensional (2-D) location, while varying the propagation conditions and the number of BS's used for the location estimate.