Ancient gene flow from early modern humans into Eastern Neanderthals

被引：288

作者：

Kuhlwilm, Martin ^{[1
]}

Gronau, Ilan ^{[2
]}

Hubisz, Melissa J. ^{[3
]}

de Filippo, Cesare ^{[1
]}

Prado-Martinez, Javier ^{[4
]}

Kircher, Martin ^{[1
,5
]}

Fu, Qiaomei ^{[1
,6
,7
]}

Burbano, Hernan A. ^{[1
,8
]}

Lalueza-Fox, Carles ^{[4
]}

de la Rasilla, Marco ^{[9
]}

Rosas, Antonio ^{[10
]}

Rudan, Pavao ^{[11
]}

Brajkovic, Dejana ^{[12
]}

Kucan, Zeljko ^{[11
]}

Gusic, Ivan ^{[11
]}

Marques-Bonet, Tomas ^{[4
,13
,14
]}

Andres, Aida M. ^{[1
]}

Viola, Bence ^{[15
,16
]}

Paeaebo, Svante ^{[1
]}

Meyer, Matthias ^{[1
]}

Siepel, Adam ^{[3
,17
]}

Castellano, Sergi ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Evolutionary Genet, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[2] Herzliya Interdisciplinary Ctr IDC, Efi Arazi Sch Comp Sci, IL-46150 Herzliyya, Israel

[3] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA

[4] Inst Evolutionary Biol UPF CSIC, Barcelona 08003, Spain

[5] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[6] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[7] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins Chinese, IVPP, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China

[8] Max Planck Inst Dev Biol, Dept Mol Biol, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany

[9] Univ Oviedo, Dept Hist, Area Prehist, Oviedo 33011, Spain

[10] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Paleobiol, Plaza Murillo 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain

[11] Croatian Acad Sci & Arts, Anthropol Ctr, Zagreb 10000, Croatia

[12] Croatian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Quaternary Paleontol & Geol, Zagreb 10000, Croatia

[13] Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona 08010, Spain

[14] Ctr Nacl Anal Genom CRG CNAG, Barcelona 08028, Spain

[15] Univ Toronto, Dept Anthropol, Toronto, ON M5S 2S2, Canada

[16] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Human Evolut, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[17] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Simons Ctr Quantitat Biol, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA

来源：

NATURE | 2016年 / 530卷 / 7591期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

GENOME SEQUENCE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; SELECTION; SOUTHERN; INFERENCE; ANCESTRY; PATTERNS; HISTORY; CAVE;

D O I：

10.1038/nature16544

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

070301 [无机化学]; 070403 [天体物理学]; 070507 [自然资源与国土空间规划学]; 090105 [作物生产系统与生态工程];

摘要：

It has been shown that Neanderthals contributed genetically to modern humans outside Africa 47,000-65,000 years ago. Here we analyse the genomes of a Neanderthal and a Denisovan from the Altai Mountains in Siberia together with the sequences of chromosome 21 of two Neanderthals from Spain and Croatia. We find that a population that diverged early from other modern humans in Africa contributed genetically to the ancestors of Neanderthals from the Altai Mountains roughly 100,000 years ago. By contrast, we do not detect such a genetic contribution in the Denisovan or the two European Neanderthals. We conclude that in addition to later interbreeding events, the ancestors of Neanderthals from the Altai Mountains and early modern humans met and interbred, possibly in the Near East, many thousands of years earlier than previously thought.

引用

页码：429 / +

页数：17

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