Differences in functional status of Hispanic versus non-Hispanic white elders: Data from the medical expenditure panel survey

Objectives: Few national studies have focused specifically on the functional status of Hispanic elders. We examined the prevalence of functional limitations and disabilities among Hispanic and Black elders compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Methods: We analyzed seven measures of functional limitations, disabilities, and dependencies. Logistic regression was used to examine racial and ethnic group differences adjusting for age, gender, and education. Results: Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics tended to report greater instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) dependencies and cognitive disabilities. Blacks were more likely to have activities of daily living (ADL) and IADL dependencies and require use of assistive devices compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Further adjustment for respondent status reduced differences between groups, but these models may overadjust for functional status differences. Discussion: Given the projected growth of minority elders, policymakers and planners will need to consider race and ethnic differentials in functional status in determining future medical and social service needs.