High rate of failure of impaction grafting in large acetabular defects

We reviewed the results of 71 revisions of the acetabular component in total hip replacement, using impaction of bone allograft. The mean follow-up was 7.2 years ( 1.6 to 9.7). All patients were assessed according to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons ( AAOS) classification of bone loss, the amount of bone graft required, thickness of the graft layer, signs of graft incorporation and use of augmentation. A total of 20 acetabular components required re-revision for aseptic loosening, giving an overall survival of 72% ( 95% CI, 54.4 to 80.5). Of these failures, 14 ( 70%) had an AAOS type III or IV bone defect. In the failed group, poor radiological and histological graft incorporation was seen. These results suggest that impaction allografting in acetabular revision with severe bone defects may have poorer results than have previously been reported.